SEE A LIFE SIZE PICTURE OF MY FAVORITE SARCOPHYTON FOR YOUR DESKTOP WALLPAPER  :)

Hello, Here is a link to a full size picture of Sally Jo's reefs that you can use as wallpaper on your computer. This week we have started something new. We are starting a new section on our site that will feature detailed information on all of the popular corals that we propagate here at GARF. This section will soon include many species of soft and sps corals. We will try to include both culture and propagation information so you can choose the proper corals for your reef aquarium or coral farm. Please e-mail us if you like these larger pictures so we can make our site more enjoyable and educational. LeRoy

This is a great first coral for almost any reef aquarium because it often grows in lagoons that have less than crystal clear, nutrient free water. The popularity of this coral makes it a great one to farm. There have been many times that people with reef problems have told us that the Sarcophytons were the most hardy corals and that they survived even when little Suzy decided to feed the fish all of the flake food before she went to bed.

Remember that if a snail or hermit falls onto the corals head the polyps will not extend until it crawls off or you remove the item that is bothering it. You will see this animal listed in books as well as a pet store as a toad stool, gold crown, leather coral, but its true name is Sarcophyton. It is a very hardy soft coral and is one of the first corals a hobbyist should try.

What you see in this picture is what I described above. A hermit or snail has fallen on its head and thus the polyps have retracted. Remove the snail and in a short while you will see this animal fully extended and happy again. This picture shows one of the most common varieties you see in many fish stores. It was the very first one I placed in my show tank. It grows faster than almost any other animal we have researched at the Foundation. It was the very first one that I learned to propagate. In 1995 LeRoy kept coming by my tank and saying "you should cut that animals head off you are getting to much bio mass in your system." We were just around the corner from presenting our reef tour and this was the biggest animal in my tank. I was doing everything I could to make LeRoy forget about cutting it's head off. Then one day he looked into my tank and once again said "you need to cut the head off that animal." If you let me do that then just think you can have ten different animals to place in your system. He got me:) I allowed him to cut off its head and I pursued finding ten new tank mates for my show tank. The head grew back on the stock in a very short time. I have now cut this animal many many times over and believe it is one of the best corals to first try your skills at propagation.

As you can see by the pictures there are many varieties and they truly are a great addition to anyones tank. This animal is one of the most common soft coral found in the Indo-Pacific. If you look closely at the polyps you will notice eight feathery tentacles. You should be able to find these animals without a problem. We propagate many of them every week. As with all of our messages on any coral it is best to purchase a captive raised one versus a wild caught one. We feel that feeding fish in the tank with a Sarcophyton is important to sustain its growth. Feeding the fish will also add supplemental nutrition for the zooxanthellae to metabolize. Our choice for coral food is blended Spiralina flake food that has been soaked in SeaChem Reef Plus. These animals are often found in the wild in more nutrient rich areas of the reef. Because this animal can grow to be heavy, it is best to find a location in your tank that can hold the weight of this animalas it grows. Gluing this animal works well but make sure you glue it to a rock that will sustain its growth as it adds weight.

In this picture you will notice that the polyps are retracted. This is not a sign that this animal is dying. You may wonder why the snails or hermits are attracted to this animal. You must understand that this is a natural occurrence in nature. The Sarcophyton often retracts their polyps and become covered with what looks like a thin layer of plastic.

This layer may stay on the animal until it covers with a light film of algae that is why the snails and hermits tend to work on this animal. They love to eat this film that consists of proteins and other compounds which are called Sarcophene. Directing a power head at this animal for a short time is a great way to remove this film and allow the polyps to extend to their normal grace. We find that by placing the animals where they are happy they tend to not secrete this fine layer as often. They also use this as a defense and if they are not bothered you will rarely notice this situation. This is also one reason we propagate them when they get too big otherwise they continue to fight other types of corals for room to grow.

What you see in this next picture are two different kinds of Sarcophytons. They do very well next to one another and they will not sting or kill each other. We are now successfully propagating these animals with almost a 100% success rate. We have found that you can cut the animal directly in your tank or remove the animal from your tank and make the cut. You must remember that not all animals are that safe to cut directly inside of your tank.

We have lost two of my most beautiful and healthy clams due to cutting Palythoa ( they look like Zoanthids ) directly in my tank. They are so toxic that in less then 24 hours they killed two huge and healthy clams. The toxin released by the Palythoa is called Palytoxin. It is being used for treatments for people who are suffering from muscular dystrophy. In years past it was used for poison darts. I have heard, yet not experienced, that placing ones hand in a tank that has Palythoa in it can cause a reaction in the most sensitive people. Most certainly do not put your hand in the tank if you have a cut on it or you may feel the effect of its toxin. Also make sure that when cutting this animal you do not get sprayed in the eyes. This has happened to both LeRoy and I and the result is a swollen eye that needs to be rinsed and eye drops used. We have found that the Sarcophyton is safe to cut inside the tank but if you can remove from your tank it will be better for the fish and corals. I always dip my fresh cut corals in a bowl of salt water before placing them back in the tank.

When beginning your propagation of the Sarcophyton you need a sharp scissors, glue and a rock to attach the new baby to. We perform this procedure two different ways. I tend to cut the head right off of the stock and then cut the head into as many pieces as I desire. The stock which is now your mother colony will grow a new head.

NEW VIDEO 7/24/00 - SARCOPHYTON PROPAGATION -
you can learn the best way to propagate leather corals

You will see the beginning formation of polyps on the stock in a two week period. In less than a one month period you will hardly be able to tell that you cut this animal. The babies generated from the mother colony can be glued directly to the rock and will grow its own stock in a very short period of time. A head like you see in the above picture can easily be made into twenty babies. LeRoy likes to cut the head into many pieces and let them fall to the sand bed of the cutting tank. He then waits for the cuts to heal. The waiting period is about two weeks then he glues them directly to a plug. Once glued these animals are ready to ship in about one month.

These animals are easy to ship and will adjust well to almost any tank. If you are not brave enough to cut the whole head off the stock you can make pie cuts on the existing animal but it is not necessary. Believe me when I say the head will always grow back and I have found mine to even grow little arms that develop off of the stock that can also be propagated. Once the animal is glued like you see in this picture it does not take them long to grow over the glue and become a healthy tank mate with your other corals. You can hardly tell that this animal was a cutting made by our staff only a month ago. If you have a rare green polyped one like the one seen in this picture it would be a great asset to the hobby to propagate this animal and share it with others in the hobby.

We will always trade for this type of live stock. There was a time not so long ago that these animals were very hard to find in the hobby. Due to their adaptability we find them in many hobbyist tanks. They are one of the corals we recommend for the beginners and even the experts are found keeping this specimen in their tanks.

If you have strong lighting make sure you place this animal more towards the lower end of your system. Move it up gradually to secure its new place in your system. They do not like a strong current directed at them all the time if you have a wave maker they will love the indirect water movement. If you do not have a wave maker you can do what I do and change the water current by changing the direction of your power head these animals will be happy for a long time. I do this for about an hour and then position the power head in a different direction. I also have some of my power heads on timers they are on for fifteen minutes and off for fifteen minutes.

We are seeing more and more varieties of this animal and are keeping 29 different kinds very successfully at the Foundation. This animal likes its temperature to be no greater than 80 degrees. When purchasing your new Sarcophyton make sure you give it a couple of days to extend it polyps fully. This will happen for the most part every time you move this animal. It is a natural defense mechanism to retract is polyps when bothered. There is absolutely no reason to take these animals from the ocean any more they are so easy to propagate. The rare colors of these corals will be a good product for ocean based aquaculture. The best reason I could agree to purchase one that comes from the wild is if it is one that has not often been in the hobby and we can be shard with other hobbyist. These animal have a leather feel to them and are not slimy like the other soft corals that need to be netted when trying to get them to attach.

This diagram shows the steps we take to produce the best cuttings from a Sacophyton.

1. Cut the head off of the base as close to the top of stalk as possible. Use clean sharp scissors.
2. Cut the head into two equal halves.
3. Starting at the center of the cap cut each half in thin pie shaped slices.

After you have rinsed the cuttings in reef water, you can put them in a gravel tray with light and water flow for three days. We use extra SeaChem Reef Plus while the cuttings heal. When the cuttings have hardened we use rubber bands to attach them to Reef Plugs^tm. The cuttings are placed on a cutting rack in a tank with good lighting and moderate water flow. DO NOT use any type of wave maker because the changing currents cause the cuttings to work loose.